Lepidoptera

Pieris rapae

What are Cabbage White Butterflies?

There are many types of caterpillar pests that attack vegetables, but the most notorious has to be the Cabbage White Butterfly (Pieris rapae).

Cabbage white butterfly has white wings, with distinctive dusty black spots and is around 40mm across. The adult butterflies lay their eggs on the underside of leaves. The larvae (caterpillars) hatch out and begin to chew on the leaves, so it’s the caterpillar stage that does the damage. 

The blue-green velvety textured caterpillars are very small and hard to spot at first. Eventually they reach about 30mm in length; at that size they're capable of completely skeletonising the leaves of vegetables. They begin by chewing holes into the outer leaves, before burrowing into the inner heart of the plant and devouring the developing baby leaves. 

It's best to pick off the smaller caterpillars by hand or spray them when they're still on the outside of the leaf, before they tunnel into the inner heart and ruin the vegetable. When caterpillars conceal themselves in the interior of a plant (think cabbage or cauliflower) it prevents contact insecticides from reaching them.

Installing insect netting as a physical barrier can be very effective.

Symptoms

Large holes in the outer leaves, with leaves becoming quite tattered. Bluey-green 'frass' on the inside of the leaf or in the heart of the cabbage is actually their droppings.

 

Plants impacted

  • Cabbage
  • Broccoli
  • Brussels sprouts
  • Cauliflower
  • Radish
  • Beetroot
  • Turnips
  • Mustard
  • Nasturtiums

Recommended products

Yates Nature's Way Derris Dust

Controls most chewing and sucking insect pests, including caterpillars. It is particularly effective against white butterfly caterpillars.

More articles

Caterpillars

Here's how to recognise and control caterpillars in your garden.

Codling Moth

Codling moth can damage the fruit of apple, pears and other pome fruits. Here's how to identify codling moth and control them in your garden or orchard.

Tomato Fruit Worm

If you have holes in your tomatoes, the culprit is likely to be the tomato fruit worm. Here's how to identify and control the tomato fruit worm in your garden.

Corn Earworm

If the kernels of your corn are being eaten while still on the stalk, it sounds like you a case of corn ear worm. Here's how to identify and treat them in your garden.